Furnace.



R. ZIESING.

FURNACE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 25, 1916.

1 ,279,4=86. Patented Sept. 17, 1918.

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FURNACE.

To all whom it may concern: I

Be it known that I, RICHARD ZIEsiNG, a citizen of the United States, anda resident of Cleveland, county of Cuyahoga, and State of Ohio, haveinvented a new and useful Improvement in Furnaces, of which thefollowing is a specification, the principle of the invention beingherein explained and the best mode in which I have contemplated applyingthat principle, so as to distinguish it from other inventions.

The subject of the present invention is a furnace designed for thedistillation of zinc, the features forming the subject matter of theinvention relating to the construction of the side walls ofthe furnaceand also of the arches, and the object of the invention being to securea more intimate mixture between the products of combustion and theauxiliary air that is supplied at different points along the length ofthe furnace, a more eflicient combustion ofthese gases and an evenerdistribution of the heat throughout the various parts of the furnace.Another object of they invention is to secure parallelism between theretorts after the furnace has taken its my improved furnace,

vanism embodying the invention, closed means constituting, however, butone first set in order that all of'the retorts may be heated andefiected equally by the products of combustion, which is not securedin'furnaces of-the present type. A still further object isto reduce thewear nace, thus securin longer life, and to increase the yield of metal.To the accomplishment of the foregoing and related ends,

said invention, then, consists of the means;

hereinafter fully described and particularly pointed out in the claims.

"The annexed drawings andthe following description set forth in detailcertain mechsuch disof various mechanical forms in which the principleof the invention may be used. In said-annexed drawings Figure 1 is ahorizontal section through Fig. 2 is a vertical section on'the line 2-2,in Fig. 1; and Fig. 3'is a vertical section on the line 3-3, Fig. 1.From the drawings the general construction ofthe furnace will be readilyseen, and it will be obvious that in general it follows the presenttypes of construction for zinc furnaces in whifh there is a combustlonchamber 1 disposed horizontally and of con- 'siderable length, throughwhich the products Specification of Letters Patent.

on the fur-- the same temperature as the inner ends.

Patented Sept. 17, 1918 Application filed May 25', 1916. Serial No.99,882.

of combustion pass longitudinally, and in which arearrauged a series ofretorts 2, the retorts being preferably in series of four as shown, andbeing inclined slightly tothe horizontal. On either side of thecombustion chamber are tracks 4 which are adapted to receive the'carsinto which thedistilled zinc is discharged, the waste products fromtheretortsbeing cleaned out and discharged into the chutes 5 which emptyinto cars 6 on a track 7 disposed in a chamber below V the combustionchamber. At intervals along the length of the combustion chamber areauxiliary air supply conduits 8 which discharge laterally through thenozzles 9 as shown in Fig. 2. These air supply conduits 8 furnishadditional air totheco-mbustible gases passing through the j chamber,and

maintain the combustion throughout the entire length of the furnace. Thefurnace as described above is similar to those now in general use and isdistinguished therefrom and bettered by means of the features now to beexplained.

The path of the burning gases and products of combustion isshown by thearrows in Fig. 1, and it will-be seen that at no point do the burninggases strike the inner wall. The'atmosphere along this wall, consistinglargely of burnt gaseswill be heated by radiationto approximately thesame temperature as the fronto-f the furnace chamber.

It has beenfound that one difliculty with the present type of furnace isthat the rush of auxiliary air across the path of travel of thecombustible gases causes the latter to eddy. to the back of the furnace,and at points opposite to the supply conduits 8,-this rear furnace wallor lining is burned away very fast. Furthermore, this unequal heatingcauses the retorts to wear away. very fast producing numerous breaks 1and letting the ore and slag fall down over the other retorts. Thisoreis-practically a total loss in addition to the loss of the brokenretorts. This rapid and unequal-deterioration of the furnace. lining isnot only expensive, but also, the cause of it, which is the burning ofthe gas at certain points'along the rear wall, prevents an even heatinof the outer side of the combustion chamber and thus the outer ends ofthe retorts do not receiiie t has been found that the zincat; the innerends of the retorts 2 will be distilled off six or, more hours soonerthan the zinc at the outer ends. Thus, if it is possible to maintain aneven temperature throughout the furnace, the life of the retorts and ofthe furnace lining can be increased very greatly, and also the recoverysince less ore is lost through broken retorts and since less m'etaldeposits in the slag at the mouth of the retort.

I'have found that by disposing bafiies or partitions 10 in the furnaceopposite to each of the air supply conduits 9, that this burning of therear wall can be avoided, and also that a better combustion can besecured and an evener temperature maintained over the entire surface ofeach retort. By thus separating the combustion chamber into a number ofrecesses or chambers, it is possible to localize any deteriorizationthat may occur, and this saves enormously in the cost of replacement ofthe inner walls.

The construction of the inner wall is best shown in Fig. 2, the wallconsisting of an inner core 11, provided with shoulders 12 at its base,upon which are supported horizontally disposed refractory members, suchas fire-brick 13, mounted upon which are vertically disposed brick 14,thus forming narrow shelves or shoulders upon which the inner ends ofthe retorts 2 may be supported. Upon the top of the bricks 14:, otherbricks are placed horizontally to form the support for the next retort.Preferably five layers of retorts are disposed in each of the recessesbetween the partitions 10, and the bricks 13and 1a are so proportionedthat between each two adjacent retorts there is a very narrow acuteangle formed. It will also be seen that the top of the furnace is formedof a member15 having a-fiat bottom which. is originally placed atanacute angle with the top of the upper retort.

It is known thatafter the first use of such a furnace, the bricks of theinner wall shrink to some extent, and take a permanent set which is butslightly changed during the remainder of the operation of the furnace.By positioning the retorts at slight angles to each other and by formingthe top of the furnace in the manner indicated in Fig. 2, it is possibleto secure approximately parallelism between the retorts and the roof ofthe furnace after this first shrinking has occurred From that time onthere is approximately an equal distance between each two adjacentretorts and between the upper retort and the roof'of the furnace, andthus all of the'retorts are effected equally by the arc-ducts ofcombustion and each will oper-' ate equally "well upon the zinc which istreated therein, whereas before, it was practically impossible to securean even temperature in the different parts of the furnace. It will'beseen that the outer facesof the bricks 14 are so formed that when thelining settles, the inner ends of the retorts 2 will abut flatly againstthem, the successive bricks 14; being bevel'ed'at diflerent angles topermit of this desired settling.

Other modes of applying the principle of my invention may be employedinstead of the one explained, change being made as regards the mechanismherein disclosed, pr0- vided the means stated by any of the followingclaims or the equivalent of such stated moans be employed.

I therefore particularly point out and distinctly claim as myinvention 1. In a furnace, the combination of a horizontal combustionchamber, means adapted to pass combustible mixtures longitudinallytherethrough, a plurality of retorts ar-' ranged transversely therein, aplurality of air supply conduits arranged to discharge laterally intosaid chamber at intervals along the same, and means in said chamber fordirecting the gases passing through said chamber toward such airconduits.

2. In a furnace, the combination of a horizontal combustion chamber,means adapted to pass combustible mixtures longitudinally thcrethrough,a plurality of retorts arranged transversely therein, a plurality of air"supply conduits arranged to dischargelaterally into said chamber atintervals along the 95 same, and a seriesof baffles arranged in saidchamber and terminating opposite to said air conduits and adapted todirect the gases passing through said chamber toward such air conduits.

3. In a furnace, the combination of a hori zontal combustion chamber,means adapted to pass combustible mixtures longitudinally therethrough,a plurality of retorts arranged transversely therein, a plurality ofairsupply conduits disposed in one side wall of said chamber and arrangedto discharge laterally thereinto, and a series 'of baffle platesextending laterally from the opposite side wall of said chamber andterminating oppo- 110 site to said air conduits.

In a furnace the combination of acombustion chamber and refractorysupports on either side of said chamber adapted to receive retortsthereon, said supports being 115 proportioned and-initially installed tobring such retorts into parallelism with their ends albutting flatlyagainst the supports upon setting. v

5. In a furnace the combination of a com- 120 bustion chamber andrefractory supports on either side of said chamber adapted to receiveretorts thereon, said supports being proportioned and initiallyinstalled to bring such retorts into equidistant parallelism with 125their ends abutting flatly against the face of the supports uponsettling.

6. In a furnace the combination ofa combustion chamber, refractorysupports on either side of said chamber adapted to re- 130 ceive retortsthereon, and a roof mounted upon said supports, said supports beingproportioned to bring such retorts and said roof into equidistantparallelism upon settling.

7. In a furnace the combination of a combustion chamber, supports alongone side thereof adapted to receive one end of a series of retorts andrefractory supports along the opposite side thereof adapted to receivethe other end of such retorts, said refractory supports beingproportioned and initially installed to bring such retorts intoequidistant parallelism with the ends of the retorts abutting flatlyagainst the faces of the supports upon settling.

8. In a furnace, the combination of a combustion chamber, supports alongone side thereof adapted to receive one end of a series of retorts,refractory supports along the opposite side thereof adapted to receivethe other end of such retorts, and a flat arch roof mounted upon saidsupports, said supports and roof being proportioned to bring suchretorts and roof into equidistant parallelism upon settling.

9. In a furnace, the combination of a combustion chamber, supports alongone side thereof adapted to receive the outer ends of a series ofretorts, and refractory supports along 'the opposite side thereofadapted to receive the inner ends of said retorts, said refractorysupports being proportioned and initially installed to support saidretorts in anunparallel relation to each other with theinner endsthereof at an acute angle to the faces of the said refractory supports,to thereby bring the retorts into equidistant parallelism with the innerends' of the retorts abutting flatly against the faces of the supports.

Signed by me this 20th day of May, 1916.

RICHARD ZIESING.

Goplee of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe commissioner of Patents.

Wumngten, D. 6.

